电动汽车充电基础设施政策量化及产业政策效应

摘要以政策工具理论为视角,构建政策工具与充电基础设施产业链分析框架,采用内容量化分析法及二元Logistic回归模型,对全国27个省份的41份政策样本进行分析,并根据加快发展地区、示范推广地区及积极促进地区的划分进行区域间政策差异对比,利用OLS基准回归模型对各省份政策工具与公共类充电桩建设情况进行关联效应分析。结果表明:(1)我国各地电动汽车充电基础设施政策存在不同程度的政策工具结构性失衡,环境面政策工具比重过高而需求面政策工具比重过低,政策工具在产业链的分布也不尽合理。(2)不同地区政策大同小异,差异具体表现为:① 加快发展地区更注重为充电基础设施产业提供良好发展环境,从目标规划和法规管制方面对产业发展进行规范和引导,在产业链方面更为关注充电设施运营和充电设备制造;② 示范推广地区对公共服务建设给予了重点支持,包括充电基础设施信息服务平台建设,在产业链方面较为侧重充电设施运营和能源供应;③ 在所有地区中,积极促进地区的环境面政策工具使用过滥问题最明显。(3)产业政策效应方面,电动汽车充电基础设施环境面政策工具对产业发展产生显著促进作用,长远来看应综合运用各类政策工具,避免过度依赖强制性工具。

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	王鑫
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	徐春秋

关键词：充电基础设施政策工具产业链量化分析产业政策效应区域差异

Abstract： From the perspective of policy tool theory, this paper constructs the analysis framework of policy tools and charging infrastructure industry chain, and uses content quantitative analysis and binary Logistic regression model to analyze 41 policy samples from 27 provinces in China.Based on the comparison of inter-regional policy differences among accelerated development areas, demonstration and promotion areas and actively promoted areas, this paper uses OLS benchmark regression model to analyze the correlation effect between provincial policy tools and public charging pile construction.There are following findings: (i) There are different degrees of structural imbalance of policy tools in the policy of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in various parts of our country, the proportion of environmental policy tools is too high and the proportion of demand-side policy tools is too low, and the distribution of policy tools in the industrial chain is not reasonable; (ii) The Policies of different regions are more or less much the same, and their differences are shown as follows: 1) The fast-growing regions pay more attention to providing a good development environment for the charging infrastructure industry, standardize and guide the industrial development from the aspects of target planning and regulation, and pay more attention to the operation of charging facilities and the manufacture of charging equipment in the industrial chain; 2) The demonstration and promotion areas have given key support to the construction of public services, including the construction of charging infrastructure information service platform, focusing on the operation of charging facilities and energy supply in the industrial chain; 3) There is a clear problem of excessive abuse of environmental policy tools in all regions; (iii) In terms of industrial policy effects, the environmental policy tools of electric vehicle charging infrastructure play a significant role in promoting industrial development.In the long run, we should make comprehensive use of various policy tools to avoid over-reliance on mandatory tools.

Keywords： Charging Infrastructure Policy Instruments Industrial Link Quantitative Analysis Industrial Policy Effects Regional Differences

收稿日期 2022-10-09; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家重点研发专项(2022YFF0608700);河南兴文化工程文化研究专项项目(2022XWH082);河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2023-ZZJH-039);河南省教育科学规划课题(2022YB0014)

通讯作者 徐春秋(1983— ),女,河南周口人,博士,副教授,主要从事供应链与环境政策分析。

作者简介: 王鑫(1985— ),女,河南民权人,博士研究生,主要从事区域经济与产业政策分析;王金凤(1963— ),女,河南焦作人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事供应链与产业政策分析。

引用本文:

王鑫, 王金凤, 徐春秋.电动汽车充电基础设施政策量化及产业政策效应[J]. 经济经纬, 2023,6: 38-50

WANG Xin, WANG Jinfeng, XU Chunqiu.Quantitative Analysis of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Policies and Industrial Policy Effect[J] Economic Survey, 2023,V40(6): 38-50

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V40/I6/38

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