人力资本对农户宅基地退出行为的影响

摘要基于安徽金寨县和四川邛崃市1047户农户微观数据,运用probit模型、iv-probit模型、中介效应模型和截面门槛模型,实证分析人力资本对农户宅基地退出行为的影响、作用路径、异质性及门槛效应。结果表明:人力资本对农户宅基地退出行为有显著正向影响,运用工具变量法消除内生性问题后,该结论仍然成立;基于中介效应模型的分析表明,人力资本可通过增加农户收入、增强农户维权意识和提高农户宅基地退出政策认知三条路径促使农户退出宅基地;人力资本对不同区位农户宅基地退出行为的影响存在差异,对近郊农村农户宅基地退出行为正向影响最强,其次是远郊农村,对偏远农村影响最弱;运用截面门槛模型分析发现,人力资本对农户宅基地退出行为的影响在不同人力资本积累水平下存在动态转换特征,人力资本跨越门槛值(本文为0.258)后,其对宅基地退出行为的影响增强。基于上述研究结论,提出增加农村人力资本投资、注重农村人力资本积累、采用多元化和多组合的宅基地退出政策等建议。

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关键词：宅基地退出人力资本农户收入农户维权意识

Abstract： Based on the micro data of 1047 households in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province and Qionglai City, Sichuan Province, this paper uses Probit model, Iv-probit model, intermediary effect model and cross section threshold model to empirically analyze the influence, action path, heterogeneity and threshold effect of human capital on farmers’ homestead quitting behavior. The result shows that human capital has a significant positive impact on farmers’ behavior of quitting rural residential land, and the conclusion is still valid after using the method of instrumental variables to eliminate the endogenous problem. The mechanism analysis based on the mediation effect model indicates that human capital can promote farmers to quit rural residential land through ways of increasing farmers’ income, enhancing farmers’ awareness of safeguarding their rights and improving their cognition levels of homestead withdrawal policy. And the influence of human capital on homestead withdrawal behavior of farmers in different locations is different. First of all, it has the strongest positive influence on the withdrawal behavior of farmers in the suburbs, followed by the outer suburbs, and the weakest influence on the remote villages. The analysis of cross-sectional threshold model shows that the influence of human capital on farmers’ homestead withdrawal behavior has dynamic transformation characteristics under different levels of human capital accumulation. After human capital crosses the threshold (In this paper, it is 0.258), its impact on homestead withdrawal is enhanced. Based on the above research conclusions, this paper puts forward some suggestions, such as increasing rural human capital investment, paying attention to rural human capital accumulation, adopting diversified and multi-combination homestead exit policy and so on.

Keywords： Rural Residential Land Quitting Human Capital Farmers Income Farmers’ Awareness of Rights Protection

收稿日期 2021-11-11; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:农业农村部农村合作经济指导司委托课题(10200071)

通讯作者 赵凯(1971— ),男,宁夏固原人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事土地经济及管理、农业经济等研究。

作者简介: 孙鹏飞(1990— ),男,山东潍坊人,博士,副教授,主要从事土地经济及管理研究;张仁慧(1998— ),女,山西临汾人,博士研究生,主要从事资源经济与环境管理研究;周升强(1990— ),男,山东日照人,博士,副教授,主要从事农业经济理论与政策研究。赵凯为本文通信作者。

引用本文:

孙鹏飞, 张仁慧, 赵凯, 周升强.人力资本对农户宅基地退出行为的影响[J]. 经济经纬, 2022,4: 41-50

SUN Pengfei, ZHANG Renhui, ZHAO Kai, ZHOU Shengqiang.The Influence of Human Capital on Farmers’ Behavior of Quitting Rural Residential Land[J] Economic Survey, 2022,V39(4): 41-50

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V39/I4/41

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