劳动收入份额与家庭消费不平等:基于技能差异的视角

摘要基于中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,结合2012年和2017年省级投入产出表,系统考察了行业劳动收入份额对家庭消费不平等的影响及其机制,并讨论了技能差异对两者关系的调节作用。研究发现:第一,行业劳动收入份额提升能够有效降低家庭消费不平等,这一结论在替换被解释变量、解释变量以及考虑内生性问题等一系列检验后依然稳健;第二,行业劳动收入份额对中西部地区、低人力资本水平地区、低人工智能水平地区、非国有企业就业家庭和非工资性收入占比低的家庭消费不平等的抑制作用更显著;第三,技能差异能够调节劳动收入份额与家庭消费不平等之间的关系,劳动收入份额提升会扩大行业内高技能劳动者的消费差距,同时显著缩小低技能劳动者的消费不平等。研究结论有助于理解劳动收入份额提升对家庭消费不平等的差异化影响及其作用机制,可为新发展阶段优化要素分配结构和推动共同富裕提供政策启示。

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	毛凌琳
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关键词：劳动收入份额消费不平等技能差异要素分配共同富裕

Abstract： Based on the data from the China Household Finance Survey ( CHFS ) and in combination with the provincial input-output tables of 2012 and 2017, this study systematically examines the impact of industry labor income share on household consumption inequality and its mechanism, and assesses how skill differences moderates the relationship. The research findings are as follows: Firstly, an increase in the industry's labor income share can effectively reduce household consumption inequality. This conclusion remains robust after a series of tests, including replacing the explained variable, the explanatory variable and considering endogeneity issues; Secondly, the share of industry labor income has more significant inhibitory effect on consumption inequality in the central and western regions, regions with low human capital levels, regions with low artificial intelligence levels, families employed in non-state-owned enterprises, and families with a low proportion of non-wage income; Thirdly, skill differences can regulate the relationship between the share of labor income and household consumption inequality. The increase in the share of labor income will widen the consumption gap among highly skilled workers within the industry, while significantly narrowing the consumption inequality among low-skilled workers. The research findings contribute to understanding the differentiated impact of labor income share growth on household consumption inequality and its underlying mechanisms, offering policy insights for optimizing factor distribution structuresand promoting common prosperity in the new development phase.

Keywords： Labor Income Share Consumption Inequality Skill Differences Distribution of Factor Common Prosperity

收稿日期 2025-02-21; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家社会科学基金项目(21BJL026);湖南省社会科学基金基地项目(22JD052)

通讯作者 毛凌琳(1986— ),女,湖南常德人,湘潭大学博士研究生,湖南文理学院副教授,主要从事收入与消费不平等研究。

作者简介: 郭新华(1972— ),男,湖南常德人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事收入分配与家庭金融研究。

引用本文:

毛凌琳, 郭新华.劳动收入份额与家庭消费不平等:基于技能差异的视角[J]. 经济经纬, 2025,6: 16-30

MAO Linglin, GUO Xinhua.Labor Income Share and Household Consumption Inequality: From the Perspective of Skill Differences[J] Economic Survey, 2025,V42(6): 16-30

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V42/I6/16

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