新能源汽车试点政策能否助力城市减污降碳协同增效？

摘要借助新能源汽车试点政策作为准自然实验,基于2004—2021年中国282个城市的面板数据,运用多期双重差分模型检验新能源汽车试点政策对城市减污降碳协同增效的影响。研究表明,新能源汽车试点政策促进了城市减污降碳协同增效,经过一系列检验后结论依然成立。异质性分析结果显示,在低火力发电结构的城市、高智慧交通水平的城市以及“酸雨或二氧化硫”控制区的城市中,新能源汽车试点政策的减污降碳协同增效作用更强。从传导机制来看,新能源汽车试点政策能够通过推动技术进步、优化能源结构以及引导绿色投资三条途径助力城市减污降碳协同增效。拓展性分析发现,新能源汽车试点政策对城市减污降碳协同增效具有明显的正向空间溢出效应,主要通过提升联合创新能力和吸引绿色投资者进入来实现。因此,应持续深化新能源汽车试点城市建设,借助新型清洁交通工具助力城市实现可持续发展的目标。

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关键词：新能源汽车试点减污降碳协同增效技术进步能源结构绿色投资空间溢出效应

Abstract： Taking the pilot policy for new energy vehicles as a quasi-natural experiment and utilizing panel data from 282 Chinese cities from 2004 to 2021, this study employs a multi-period difference-in-differences model to examine the impact of the new energy vehicle pilot policy on urban synergies between pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction. The study shows that the pilot policy for new energy vehicles has promoted the synergistic effects of pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction in cities, and this conclusion remains valid after a series of tests. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that the pilot policy for new energy vehicles has a stronger synergistic effect on pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction in cities with a low thermal power generation structure, cities with a high level of intelligent transportation, and cities in the “acid rain or sulfur dioxide” control zones. From the perspective of transmission mechanism, pilot policies for new energy vehicles can help cities achieve synergistic efficiency in reducing pollution and carbon emissions through three channels: promoting technological progress, optimizing energy structure and guiding green investment. An expansive analysis reveals that the pilot policy for new energy vehicles has a significant positive spatial spillover effect on the coordinated reduction of pollution and carbon emissions in cities, mainly achieved by enhancing joint innovation capabilities and attracting green investors to enter. Therefore, we should continue to deepen the construction of pilot cities for new energy vehicles and use new clean transportation tools to help cities achieve sustainable development goals.

Keywords： Pilot Policy for New Energy Vehicle Synergistic Effect of Pollution Reduction and Carbon Reduction Technological Innovation Energy Structure Green Investment Spatial Spillover Effect

收稿日期 2025-01-17; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家社会科学基金项目(18BJL083)

通讯作者 邓峰(1970— ),男,湖北武汉人,博士,教授,主要从事技术创新与经济增长研究。

作者简介: 姜浩(1993— ),男,山东菏泽人,博士研究生,主要从事数字经济与绿色发展研究。

引用本文:

姜浩, 邓峰.新能源汽车试点政策能否助力城市减污降碳协同增效？[J]. 经济经纬, 2025,6: 89-102

JIANG Hao, DENG Feng.Can the Pilot Policy for New Energy Vehicles Help Cities Achieve Synergistic Effects in Pollution Reduction and Carbon Emission Reduction?[J] Economic Survey, 2025,V42(6): 89-102

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V42/I6/89

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