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    经济经纬 2026 Issue (2) :75-90
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    公共数据开放与地方政府“稳外资”
李宏兵, 申梦媛, 孙丽棠
北京邮电大学 经济管理学院,北京 100080
    Public Data Openness and Local Government’s “Stabilizing Foreign Investment”
    LI Hongbing, SHEN Mengyuan, SUN Litang
School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100080, China
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摘要 以2006—2022年中国285个地级及以上城市作为研究对象,结合地级市公共数据开放平台上线的准自然实验,利用双重差分模型实证分析了公共数据开放对地方政府“稳外资”的影响效应及其作用机制。研究结果显示:公共数据开放有效提升了外资流入规模,增强了各城市吸引外资的能力,这一结论在控制内生性和多项稳健性检验后依然成立;异质性分析发现,上述促进作用在制造业和营商环境良好的地区更为显著;机制分析表明,公共数据开放通过减少政府干预、促进公平竞争、提升政府治理能力的方式,优化了地区营商环境,从而增强地区对外资的吸引力;拓展分析发现,公共数据开放对来源于数字经济发展较好国家的投资吸引作用更强,且能够显著降低外商撤资的相对规模,提高外资企业的市场集中度。研究结论为地方政府“稳外资”提供了新的政策思路和决策参考。
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李宏兵
申梦媛
孙丽棠
关键词公共数据开放   稳外资   公平竞争   营商环境   政府治理能力     
Abstract: Taking 285 prefecture-level and higher cities in China from 2006 to 2022 as research subjects, this study leverages the quasi-natural experiment of the launch of public data openness platforms at the prefecture level. Using a difference-in-differences model, it empirically analyzes the impact effect and underlying mechanisms of public data openness on local governments’ ability to “stabilize foreign investment.” The results show that the openness of public data has effectively increased the scale of foreign investment inflows and enhanced the ability of each city to attract foreign capital. This conclusion remains valid even after controlling for endogeneity and undergoing multiple robustness tests. The Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the aforementioned effect is more pronounced in regions with strong manufacturing sectors and favorable business environments. Mechanism analysis reveals that public data openness optimizes the regional business environment by reducing government intervention, facilitating fair competition and enhancing governance capacity, thereby enhancing the region’ s attractiveness to foreign investment. Further analysis demonstrates that public data openness exerts a stronger attraction for investments originating from countries with more developed digital economies. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the relative scale of foreign divestment and enhances market concentration among foreign-invested enterprises. The findings offer new policy insights and decision-making references for local governments in their efforts to “stabilize foreign investment” .
KeywordsPublic Data Openness   Stabilizing Foreign Investment   Fair Competition   Business Environment   Government Governance Capacity     
收稿日期 2025-08-03; 接受日期 ;
基金资助:国家社会科学基金重点项目(24AJL016)
作者简介: 李宏兵(1986— ),男,河南信阳人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事国际贸易、数字经济与劳动经济研究;申梦媛(2001— ),女,河南焦作人,硕士研究生,主要从事数字经济与国际贸易研究;孙丽棠(2000— ),女,甘肃定西人,博士研究生,主要从事数字经济、国际贸易与劳动力市场研究。
引用本文:   
李宏兵, 申梦媛, 孙丽棠.公共数据开放与地方政府“稳外资”[J].  经济经纬, 2026,2: 75-90
LI Hongbing, SHEN Mengyuan, SUN Litang.Public Data Openness and Local Government’s “Stabilizing Foreign Investment”[J]  Economic Survey, 2026,V43(2): 75-90
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http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/     或     http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V43/I2/75
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