公共数据开放能促进企业开放式创新吗？——基于政府公共数据平台上线的准自然实验

摘要基于2008—2022年沪深A股上市公司数据,以城市层面政府公共数据平台上线为外生政策冲击,通过构建多时点双重差分模型考察了公共数据开放对企业开放式创新的影响及作用机制。研究发现,政府通过上线公共数据平台推动公共数据开放能够显著促进企业开放式创新,研究结论在经过内生性问题处理和多种稳健性检验后依然成立。机制检验表明,公共数据开放主要通过降低信息不对称、拓展供应链伙伴以及提升创新能力三个渠道对企业开放式创新产生影响。异质性分析显示,公共数据开放对企业开放式创新的促进效应在高科技企业、国有企业和大规模企业中更显著。研究结论为政府持续推动公共数据开放实践提供了理论支持,也为企业转换创新模式和实现高质量发展提供了政策启示。

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	杨壮
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关键词：公共数据开放企业开放式创新数据要素红利信息不对称供应链多元化

Abstract： Based on the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2022 and taking the launch of the city-level government public data platform as an exogenous policy impact, this paper constructs a multi-period Difference-in-Differences model to examine the impact and mechanisms of public data access on corporate open innovation. The results show that government’s promotion of public data access through online public data platforms can significantly enhance open innovation in enterprises. This conclusion remains still robust after handling endogenous concerns and various robustness tests. Mechanism test indicates that public data access mainly affects enterprise open innovation through reducing information asymmetry, expanding supply chain partners and improving innovation capabilities. Heterogeneous analysis displays that the promoting effect of public data access on enterprise open innovation is more significant among high-tech enterprises, state-owned enterprises and large-scale enterprises. The conclusions provide theoretical support for the government to continuously promote the practice of public data access, and also offer policy implications for enterprises to transform their innovation models and achieve high-quality development.

Keywords： Public Data Access Enterprise Open Innovation Data Elements’ Benefits Information Asymmetry Supply Chain Diversification

收稿日期 2024-07-04; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD123);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72073061)

通讯作者 吴福象(1966— ),男,安徽安庆人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事关键核心技术突破与全球创新链治理研究

作者简介: 杨壮(1996— ),男,安徽芜湖人,博士研究生,主要从事技术创新与产业经济研究;龚恩泽(1993— ),男,湖北荆门人,博士,讲师,主要从事区域经济研究。

引用本文:

杨壮, 吴福象, 龚恩泽.公共数据开放能促进企业开放式创新吗？——基于政府公共数据平台上线的准自然实验[J]. 经济经纬, 2025,4: 3-15

YANG Zhuang, WU Fuxiang, GONG Enze.Can Public Data Access Promote Enterprise Open Innovation: A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Government Public Data Platform Access[J] Economic Survey, 2025,V42(4): 3-15

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V42/I4/3

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