By constructing the transnational panel data on the basis of service export data from 2000 to 2015 in 62 countries around the world, this paper makes improvements on the traditional measurement method for the export sophistication of service trade and explores the influencing factors of technological sophistication of service trade export based on the theory of endogenous growth and the cost discovery model. Then by using the system GMM statistical method, it analyzes the influence on technological sophistication of export from factors such as institutional quality and natural resource endowment. The research shows: 1) The interaction between natural resource endowment and institutional quality can significantly promote the technological sophistication of export. 2) Human resource, capital stock, infrastructure, number of enterprises, and openness to the outside world can increase the technological sophistication of export to different degrees. 3) There are differences in the response to above-mentioned influencing factors of technological sophistication of export in developed and developing countries.