Abstract The research, under the condition of competitive market mechanism, based on comparative advantage economy, establishes the influence mechanism of environmental comparative advantage on capital accumulation, then takes the panel data of 31 provinces and cities in China in 2004-2016 as a sample and dynamic space model to test the internal mechanism of the environmental comparative advantage to the capital accumulation. The results show that: in the market competition environment, the environmental comparative advantage has far-reaching and long-term influence on the capital accumulation, and the capital income and financial investment income have a strong negative effect on the capital accumulation brought by the regional environmental comparative advantage; Technological progress can effectively offset the capital investment income, and the negative effect of real income and comparative advantage of financial market.