数字化转型、家庭劳动力配置和农户增收

摘要立足我国城乡二元经济的典型事实,首先构建一个数字赋能的两部门生产模型,从理论上揭示数字化转型会通过降低农村劳动力流动的经济成本和心理成本,促进农村家庭将更多劳动力配置在非农部门,并实现收入增长。其次,使用指数法综合测度我国各地区数字化转型水平,进而检验发现,数字化水平提高显著促进了农村家庭人均收入增加,并且对拥有较高水平社会资本家庭的增收效应会更显著。机制分析的结果进一步表明,劳动力向交通运输仓储和邮政业、批发零售业等部门配置更有助于收入增长;省内就业比跨区域就业的增收效应更明显。根据上述结论,提出深入推进数字经济建设、积极拓宽农村劳动力转移就业渠道和切实保障在城镇务工劳动力的合法权益等政策建议。

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	陈永伟
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	向书坚
	方师乐

关键词：数字化转型劳动力配置农户增收

Abstract： Based on the facts of China’s dual urban-rural economy, this paper constructs a two-sector production model empowered by digital technology. The model theoretically reveals that digital transformation can reduce both the economic and psychological costs of rural labor mobility, thereby promoting the reallocation of labor from rural households to the non-agricultural sector and driving income increases. Secondly, using an index-based method to comprehensively measure the level of digital transformation across regions in China, the findings show that an increase in the degree of digitalization significantly promotes the growth of per capita income in rural households. Furthermore, this income growth effect is more pronounced for households with higher levels of social capital. The results of the mechanism analysis further indicate that allocating labor to sectors such as transportation, storage, postal services, wholesale and retail is more conducive to income growth. Moreover, the income-increasing effect of employment within the same province is more significant than that of employment across regions. Based on the above conclusions, the paper proposes policy recommendations, including deepening the development of the digital economy, actively expanding employment opportunities for the transfer of rural labor and effectively protecting the legal rights and interests of rural labor working in urban areas.

Keywords： Digital Transformation Labor Allocation Farmers’ Income Enhancement

收稿日期 2024-10-27; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD156);国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AJL006);教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目(22YJA790008);浙江省教育厅人文社会科学重大攻关规划(2023GH038);浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(24ZJQN044YB)

通讯作者 方师乐(1989— ),男,安徽宁国人,博士,研究员,主要从事乡村振兴与数字经济研究。

作者简介: 陈永伟(1981— ),男,浙江金华人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事产业发展及其福利效应研究;陈志远(1997— ),男,浙江金华人,硕士,主要从事数字经济与产业发展研究;向书坚(1963— ),男,湖南邵阳人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事收入分配统计与乡村振兴研究。

引用本文:

陈永伟, 陈志远, 向书坚, 方师乐.数字化转型、家庭劳动力配置和农户增收[J]. 经济经纬, 2025,3: 29-42

CHEN Yongwei, CHEN Zhiyuan, XIANG Shujian, FANG Shile.Digital Transformation, Household Labor Allocation and Rural Household Income Enhancement[J] Economic Survey, 2025,V42(3): 29-42

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V42/I3/29

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