中国农村收入不平等的信号效应及机理研究

摘要基于两个时段的中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,运用多项有序逻辑模型及机制检验模型,分析了社会流动性和教育水平对农村收入不平等信号效应的影响机理。结果显示:我国农村收入不平等的信号效应不足或受阻,表现为看到他人收入增加时,农村居民不会提高自己未来收入改善的预期,而教育水平则能激发农村居民对高收入的预期,且在一定程度上缓解收入不平等对幸福感的消极影响;进一步研究发现,农村收入不平等的信号效应需要社会流动性与教育水平的共同驱动,而缺乏教育水平支持的社会流动性会阻碍信号效应的发挥。因此,大力推进乡村教育振兴、提高农村居民教育水平是激发农村居民增收内生动力的重要举措,对促进农村经济社会发展和提升农村居民幸福感具有重要意义。

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	王小叶
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关键词：收入不平等社会流动性教育水平未来收入预期幸福感

Abstract： Based on data from two waves of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), this paper uses an ordered logistic model and mechanism test model to analyze how social mobility and education levels influence the signaling effect on rural income inequality. The results show that the signaling effect of income inequality in rural China is weak or hindered. This is manifested by rural residents not raising their expectations for future income improvement when they observe others’ income increasing. However, educational level can stimulate rural residents’ expectations of higher income and, to some extent, alleviate the negative impact of income inequality on happiness. The results indicate that the signaling effect of income inequality in rural China is weak or hindered. This is manifested by rural residents not raising their expectations for future income improvement when they observe others’ income increasing. However, educational level can stimulate rural residents’ expectations of higher income and, to some extent, alleviate the negative impact of income inequality on happiness. Further research reveals that the signaling effect of rural income inequality needs to be jointly driven by social mobility and educational level. However, social mobility not supported by educational attainment can hinder the signaling effect. Therefore, vigorously promoting rural educational revitalization and improving rural residents’ educational level are key steps to boosting their intrinsic motivation for income increase. These steps are of great importance for promoting the economic and social development of rural areas and enhancing the happiness of rural residents.

Keywords： Income Inequality Social Mobility Educational Level Income Increase Expectation Happiness

收稿日期 2024-09-11; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(20FJYB059);河南省软科学研究计划项目(232400410005)

作者简介: 王小叶(1977— ),女,河南叶县人,博士,副教授,博士生导师,主要从事农业经济与管理研究;王文博(2001— ),女,河南漯河人,硕士研究生,主要从事农业农村经济研究;张伟丽(1980— ),女,河南安阳人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事收入趋同研究。

引用本文:

王小叶, 王文博, 张伟丽.中国农村收入不平等的信号效应及机理研究[J]. 经济经纬, 2025,3: 43-57

WANG Xiaoye, WANG Wenbo, ZHANG Weili.Study on the Signal Effects and Mechanism of Rural Income Inequality in Chinese[J] Economic Survey, 2025,V42(3): 43-57

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V42/I3/43

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