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    中国人才的空间集聚格局及时空演化
刘晖1, 胡森林2
1.新疆师范大学 商学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054;
2.华东师范大学 中国现代城市研究中心/城市与区域科学学院,上海 200062
    Spatial Agglomeration Pattern and Spatio-temporal Evolution of Talents in China
    LIU Hui1, HU Sen-lin2
1.Business School, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;
2.Center for Modern Chinese City Studies/ School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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摘要 根据2010—2015《中国人才资源统计报告》权威数据,采用ESDA模型分析中国人才的空间集聚特征及其时空演化规律。研究表明:中国人才的空间分布不均衡,呈“东南密而西北疏”的“中心-外围”格局。不同类别人才因分布规模和集聚程度的差异,形成了多中心集聚格局。其中,党政人才、高技能人才和社会工作人才呈双中心集聚型格局,企业经营管理人才与专业技术人才呈多中心与带状集聚,农村实用人才呈单中心圈层格局。从演化趋势看,人才空间分布格局呈中心地区集聚度上升、外围地区集聚度下降的反向演化态势。人才集聚的空间关联度增强,以高-高集聚与低-低集聚模式为主。建议政府部门通过跨区域的制度创新以及经济和行政手段的“双向调节”,缓解“人才争夺战”引发的人才空间不均衡配置,促进区域协调发展。
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刘晖
胡森林
关键词人才空间集聚   ESDA   时空格局   区域协调发展   中国     
Abstract: According to China Talent Resources Statistics Report between 2010 and 2015, the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) model is adopted to describe the spatial agglomeration characteristics of talents in China and its spatial-temporal evolution patterns. The research shows that the spatial distribution of Chinese talents is not balanced, presenting a “center-periphery” pattern in which southern and eastern regions enjoy an intensive distribution of talents while the northern and western regions have a sparse one. Due to the differences in distribution scale and degree of agglomeration, different types of talents have formed a pattern of multi-centered agglomeration. Among them, the party and government talents and highly skilled talents form a dual-centered pattern while enterprise operation and management talents and professional and technical talents form a multi-centered and banded cluster, and rural practical talents form a single-centered circular pattern. From the evolution trend, the spatial distribution pattern of talents shows a reverse evolution trend in which the agglomeration is increasing in the central area and decreasing in the peripheral area. The degree of spatial autocorrelation of talent gathering is enhanced, mainly in the mode of high-high cluster and low-low cluster. Based on this, it is suggested that talent management departments should innovate trans-regional management system and adopt the “two-way adjustment” through economic and administrative means to alleviate the unbalanced allocation of talent space caused by “talent competition” and to promote coordinated regional development.
KeywordsSpatial Agglomeration of Talents   Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA)   Spatio-temporal Pattern   Regional Coordinated Development   China     
收稿日期 2018-08-07; 接受日期 ;
基金资助:国家社会科学基金重点项目(14ARK003);新疆师范大学中巴经济走廊与南亚研究中心项目(XJNURWJD012017B02);新疆社会科学基金一般项目(18BRK029)
通讯作者 胡森林(1991— ),男,安徽黄山人,博士研究生,主要从事城市与区域创新研究   
作者简介: 刘晖(1980— ),男,陕西汉中人,博士,副教授,主要从事人才经济学研究
引用本文:   
刘晖, 胡森林.中国人才的空间集聚格局及时空演化[J].  经济经纬, 2019,5: 1-8
LIU Hui, HU Sen-lin.Spatial Agglomeration Pattern and Spatio-temporal Evolution of Talents in China[J]  Economic Survey, 2019,V36(5): 1-8
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