数字经济发展的碳减排效应

摘要在全球气候治理的背景下,准确考察数字经济发展的碳减排效应,对推动各国经济发展低碳转型,尽早实现碳达峰、碳中和以及构建人类命运共同体都具有重要意义。使用1990—2019年99个国家的面板数据,构建动态面板模型考察数字经济发展对碳排放的影响及作用机制。研究发现:(1)从国家层面来看,数字经济发展能显著降低碳排放,且减排弹性与各国经济发展水平正相关。(2)机制检验表明,数字经济在中、高收入国家均能通过提高能源效率、改善能源结构实现节能减排。(3)从行业层面来看,数字经济对降低中等收入国家建筑、制造、电力行业的碳排放有显著效果,对降低高收入国家制造业、运输业的碳排放作用显著,且均是通过提高能源效率实现的。以上研究结论为协同推进数字经济发展与气候治理、加快各国经济低碳转型及部署中国碳达峰行动提供了政策启示。

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关键词：数字经济碳排放能源效率能源结构全球气候治理

Abstract： In the context of global climate governance action, an accurate study of the impact of digital economic development on carbon emissions is of great significance to promote the low-carbon transformation of national economic development, achieve the goal of carbon peak emission, carbon neutralization and build a community with a shared future for mankind as soon as possible. Based on the panel data of 99 countries from 1990 to 2019, this paper constructs a dynamic panel model to investigate the impact of digital economy development on carbon emissions and its mechanism. The results are as follows: (1) From the national level, the development of digital economy can significantly reduce carbon emissions, and the elasticity of emission reduction is positively related to the level of economic development of all countries; (2) The mechanism test shows that the digital economy can save energy and reduce emissions by improving energy efficiency and adjusting energy structure in both middle-and high-income countries; (3) From the industry level, the digital economy has a significant effect on reducing carbon emissions in the construction, manufacturing and energy industries of middle-income countries, and plays a significant role in manufacturing and transport industries in high-income countries, and both of them achive emission reduction by improving energy efficiency. The above conclusions provide policy implications for promoting digital economy development and climate governance, accelerating low-carbon economic transformation in various countries, and deploying Carbon peak action in China.

Keywords： Digital Economy Carbon Emission Energy Efficiency Energy Structure Global Climate Governance

收稿日期 2021-09-25; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家社会科学基金项目(21BJL100)

作者简介: 佘群芝(1965— ),女,湖北潜江人,博士,教授,主要从事国际经济与环境研究;吴柳(1984— ),女,湖北武汉人,博士研究生,主要从事国际经济与环境研究。吴柳为本文通信作者。

引用本文:

佘群芝, 吴柳.数字经济发展的碳减排效应[J]. 经济经纬, 2022,5: 14-24

SHE Qunzhi, WU Liu.The Carbon Emission Reduction Effect of Digital Economy Development[J] Economic Survey, 2022,V39(5): 14-24

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2022/V39/I5/14

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