住房不平等加剧了城镇家庭收入差异对消费差异的冲击吗？

摘要消费差异能够更真实地反映家庭福利水平差异,从理论上和经验上厘清住房不平等如何影响收入差异和消费差异的关系,能够为更好的提高居民福利提供理论依据。为此,构建了一个住房不平等放大收入差异对消费差异影响的数理模型,并运用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据进行实证检验,发现住房套数差异和住房市值差异每增加1个单位,收入差异对消费差异的影响分别增加0.037%和0.092%,且这种放大效应主要通过流动性约束和预防性储蓄两种机制实现。具体来说,住房不平等分别通过租金收益和抵押贷款等渠道,加剧了收入差异,进而恶化了消费差异。研究建议政府应进一步完善收入分配制度,加强住房保障,打击住房投机,缩小住房不平等,阻断其对居民消费的抑制渠道,有效提升社会福利。

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	赵伟
	耿勇

关键词：住房不平等收入差异消费差异流动性约束预防性储蓄

Abstract： Consumption difference can more truly reflect the difference of family welfare level. To clarify how housing inequality affects the relationship between income difference and consumption difference theoretically and empirically can provide a theoretical basis for better improving residents’ welfare. Therefore, this paper constructs a mathematical model to enlarge the impact of income difference on consumption difference, and uses the data of Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) to conduct empirical test. We find that the impact of income difference on consumption difference increases by 0.037% and 0.092% respectively for each unit of housing number difference and housing market value difference, and this amplification effect is mainly through two kinds of mechanisms: liquidity constraint and precautionary saving. To be specific, the housing inequality aggravates the income difference and further worsens the consumption difference through rent income and mortgage. The study suggests that the government should further improve the mechanism of income distribution, strengthen housing security, crack down on housing speculation, narrow housing inequality, block the channels of restraining residents’ consumption, and effectively improve social welfare.

Keywords： Housing Inequality Income Difference Consumption Difference Liquidity Constraints Precautionary Savings

收稿日期 2019-10-16; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家社会科学基金重大项目(16ZDA006)

通讯作者 耿勇(1993— ),男,湖北襄阳人,博士研究生,主要从事房地产金融研究。

作者简介: 赵伟(1974— ),男,白族,云南大理人,博士,副教授,主要从事房地产经济、城市与区域经济、中国经济改革与发展问题研究。

引用本文:

赵伟, 耿勇.住房不平等加剧了城镇家庭收入差异对消费差异的冲击吗？[J]. 经济经纬, 2020,5: 9-18

ZHAO Wei, GENG Yong.Does Housing Inequality Increase the Impact of Urban Household Income Difference on Consumption Difference?[J] Economic Survey, 2020,V37(5): 9-18

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2020/V37/I5/9

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