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Economic Survey
2018 Vol.35 Issue.3
Published 2018-05-10
8
Response Relationship and Its Influencing Factors of Carrying Capacity of Resource and Environment in China’s Provincial Urbanization
LI Lin, LU Jia-jia
This paper constructs index system and evaluates the development of urbanization system and resource environment system in the past 15 years. The response relationship between the two is analyzed by curve fitting, and the response index of resource environment carrying capacity of urbanization is measured. Finally, the factors influencing the evolution of the response relationship are analyzed by regression analysis model. The results show that the high consumption and high pollution caused by the continuous urbanization of China have exceeded the threshold of the resource and environment system and the overall resource and environment carrying capacity has decreased. It has been found that the improvement rate of resource and environment management is lagging behind the rate of urbanization change so that the overall response relationship of the resource environment carrying capacity of urbanization shows a trend of going from“positive response” to “negative response”. The reasons are the poor transfer of green technology, the improper arrangement of environmental regime and the low efficiency of environmental protection investment, which result in inefficient technological innovation, ineffective environmental regulations, invalid environmental protection and solid environmental pressure from urbanization. Therefore, it is suggested that incentive environmental policies should be formulated to vigorously promote intelligent manufacturing, to promote energy conservation and emission reduction and to enhance green lead effect and fundamentally improve the carrying capacity of resources and environment in various regions.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 8-15 [
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Influencing Factors of Decision-Making Mechanism of Environmental Sustainability in Chinese Cities
HAI Jun-jiao, XIN Xiao-rui, ZENG Gang
Through literature review, this paper establishes the theoretical analysis framework for China’s urban sustainable development from four perspectives: Upper level policy orientation, base level desires for environmental protection, environment pressure and economic feasibility. Through content analysis of annual work report of local municipal governments, this paper identifies the willingness of local governments for sustainable development and sets up a theoretical framework in terms of 7 key performance indicators, and quantitatively analyzes the motivation mechanism of the decision-making of sustainable development environment in urban China at prefecture levels and above. The results show that the driving force of sustainable development in Chinese cities mainly originate from higher level of the government, whose macro strategy forms the core for the transformation towards sustainable development. The desires for sustainable development in grass-root public are not yet sufficient to motivate local government to autonomously implement and execute sustainable development strategies. In addition, the severe environmental problems have already caught great attention and prompted actions from local governments. However, municipal governments still regards sustainable development as a re-distributive policy to a large extent and the awareness or conditions for pursuing economic welfare through environmental governance are not yet mature.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 16-22 [
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32
An Empirical Analysis of Disadvantaged Position of Land-Expropriated Female and Its Influencing Factors——Based on the Micro Survey Data from Jiujiang, Jiangxi and Xiangyang, Hubei
MA Zhi-xiong, ZHANG Yin-yin, DING Shi-jun
Based on the survey of 1938 land-expropriated laborers in Jiujiang and Xiangyang, this paper studies the influencing factors of land-expropriated female employment, and those of local non-agricultural employment and migrant employment from the perspectives of marriage status, family care and support, family labor force allocation, personal characteristics and peer effect. The main conclusion is: the disadvantaged position of land-expropriated female employment is a combined result of marriage status, family care and support, family labor force allocation, personal characteristics and peer effect. To implement the policy of employment equality between genders, two measures should be combined, both from within and outside the family. One is to construct a family support system for female employment while the other is to improve women’s human capital.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 32-37 [
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Employment and Career Choice for Farmers Under the Land Joint-Stock Cooperation System——An Empirical Study of Nanhai, Guangdong
SHI Min, LI Da-sheng
Based on the micro investigation data, the paper studies farmers’ employment and career choice and the influencing factors,especially stock dividend, under the background of land joint-stock cooperative system by using binary and multinomial probit model. The findings indicate that the stock dividend has negative effect on farmers’ employment. When entitled to stock dividend, middle aged farmers are more inclined not to work than the young people, which means the stock dividend has greater substitution effect to employment in accordance to age growth. Compared with service industry, the stock dividend has negative effect for blue collars while shows no effect on white collars.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 38-43 [
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67
Does
ASEAN-China Agreement on Trade in Services
Promote Service Trade Between China and ASEAN Countries?
LI Ling, KUANG Zeng-jie
Based on the data of UN Trade in Services Database, this paper estimates the bilateral trade effects of
ASEAN-China Agreement on Trade in Services
by Propensity Scores with Matching-Difference in Difference (PSM-DID) model. The results show that the agreement has not effectively promoted the bilateral trade in services viewed from the total amount. The estimation of categorized data shows that the agreement has increased the import of royalties and license services, as well as personal, cultural, and recreational services. However, it has negatively affected the import and export of construction services, as well as the export of insurance services. The main reason might be the mismatching between the opening commitments of the agreement and the comparative advantages, the supplying mode of the specific service.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 67-74 [
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Can Capital Flow Stoppage Lead to Bank Crisis?——An Empirical Analysis Based on the Sample of 61 Emerging Market Countries
Ma Yu, Wang Hong-ping
Adopting the panel data of 61 emerging market countries from 1990 to 2014, this paper studies the impact of capital market stoppage on bank crisis in emerging market countries from the perspectives of three types of stoppage, namely the ones of the influx of driving capital, of outflow-driven capital and of net inflow capital. The empirical results show that the outflow of driven capital stoppage in the emerging market countries has no significant effect on the banking crisis. The inflow of the driven capital stoppage will significantly increase the probability of the bank crisis. The outflow of the net inflow capital stoppage will increase the probability of the bank crisis. Therefore,it is advised to increase the monitoring of the sudden stoppage of capital so as to prevent the bank crisis.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 75-81 [
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82
The Analysis of Coupling Between Economic Fluctuation and Capacity Utilization: An Empirical Study based on Chinese Provincial Panel Data
FENG Wei
By constructing a theoretical model, it is found that economic fluctuation influences capacity utilization and both show procyclicality. Based on the provincial panel data in China from 1999 to 2014, this empirical study finds that in general, economic fluctuation and capacity utilization shows coupling characteristics and procyclicality. In other words, economic fluctuation and capacity utilization act in coordination to each other. A further analysis of separate samples reveals that there is coupling relationship between economic fluctuation and capacity utilization in the labor-intensive, capital-intensive industries and the industry development before the financial crisis. On the contrary, for technology-intensive industry and the industry development after the financial crisis, the relationship is a deviation or counter-cycle one. This means that during the course of overcapacity governance, a rational and objective view should be given to the relationship between economic fluctuation and capacity utilization.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 82-89 [
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Research on Technology Innovation Efficiency of China’s Strategic Emerging Industry Under Environmental Constraints
CHEN Hong-ling
Using the Slack-Based Measure directional distance function and Global Malmquist-Luenberger index, this paper measures the growth of environmental technology innovation efficiency in strategic emerging industry in China from 2005 to 2014 from the perspectives of industry and region. It then decomposes this growth into 4 influencing factors, namely technical efficiency, technical progress, scale efficiency and technology scale. The results show that the overall technology innovation efficiency of China’s strategic emerging industry is low due to the drastic drop in technical efficiency and the efficiency of scale. In regional dimension, the efficiency of technological innovation in China’s strategic emerging industry decreases from east to west, with significant spacial agglomeration and distinct growth channel. GML index taking account of environmental factors is generally lower than that excluding environmental factors, which is due to the fact that pollution discharge reduces the efficiency of regional environmental technology innovation.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 90-95 [
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The Impact of Shanghai Housing Price Growth on Innovation of Industrial Enterprise ——An Reevaluation the Perspective of Labor Cost
ZHU Chen
Previous studies have overlooked the spatial allocation of labor elements brought about by the rise of housing price. In view of this, by adopting a non-equilibrium panel model of enterprise and the data of housing prices in all regions of Shanghai from1997 to 2015 as well as the micro data of Chinese industrial enterprises, this paper empirically studies the influence of the rise of housing price in Shanghai on innovation of industrial enterprises, as well as the mediating effect and threshold effect of labor cost between them. It’s found that the growth of housing prices in Shanghai has a significant negative impact on the innovation of industrial enterprises, and this effect is more remarkable in private enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises and enterprises with less than five years’ history. Labor costs work as a mediating variable and threshold variable in hindering enterprise innovation. In other words, rise of housing price raise labor costs and results in the loss of innovative talents, thereby inhibiting corporate innovation. However, the inhibitory effect only comes into being when the labor cost reaches 5133.70 yuan per month.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 96-102 [
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The Impact of Employee Voice Behavior on Workplace Ostracism——Based on Social Comparison
ZHAN Xiao-hui, TANG Ya-jun, YANG Dong-tao
Based on the theory of Social Comparison, this study points out that employee voice behavior works as a media for workplace ostracism in the way that the voice behavior will easily make the speaker the target of envy, thus leads to workplace ostracism towards the speaker. The paper further proposes that team competition climate strengthens the likelihood of being envied while team task interdependence weakens the likelihood. To test these hypotheses, the study carries out a questionnaire survey in which supervisor-subordinates matching samples of 269 employees from 92 teams are collected. Statistical results show that the proposed hypotheses are well supported. The findings can guide the managers to take effective measures to reduce the occurrence of workplace ostracism.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 103-109 [
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Influencing Factors of Innovation Performance of Entrepreneurial Firms Under the Internet Context
LIN Lin, CHEN Wan-ming
From the perspective of learning, a conceptual model of the relationships among market orientation, strategic experimentation, entrepreneurial learning and innovation performance is constructed, and then an empirical analysis is made based on the questionnaire survey data of 190 entrepreneurial firms. The empirical results indicate that: market orientation and strategic test will have a significant positive influence on entrepreneurial learning; market orientation and strategic experimentation has a direct positive influence not only on innovation performance, but also on innovation performance through entrepreneurial learning. However, market orientation has no significant direct influence on strategic experimentation, which shows that under the Internet context the entrepreneurial firms with market orientation should pay attention to first-hand data obtained by strategic experimentation.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 110-116 [
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Internal Capital Allocation and Cash Holdings of Business Groups: from the Group Perspective
SUN Ji-le, WANG Lei
Using a sample of Chinese listed firms during the period of 2001—2016, this paper empirically examines the influence of internal capital allocation within business groups on their cash holdings and its influencing mechanism. The results indicate that cash holdings of groups decrease when parent companies provide financial support to subsidiaries, which helps alleviate the financing constraints on the entire group. When taking monetary policy in account, a further study shows that the effect is weakened by tight-money policy. This shows that internal capital allocation can alleviate financing constraints to some extent, thus reduce the cash holdings of groups. However, tight-money policy will increase cash holding out of precautionary motive of groups and impair the function of internal capital allocation.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 117-122 [
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A Research on Travel Desire of Exhibitors and Its Influencing Factors ——A Case Study of CIAAF
ZHAO Xian-hong, WU Li-xia
In order to improve the reform efficiency of the “supply side” in tourism industry in Henan, this paper takes the exhibitors and professional audiences participating in the nationally well-known brand exhibition CIAAF as the research sample, and analyzes their travel desires and influencing factors by adopting SPSS21.0 software and a variety of mathematical and statistical methods including the discrete selection model. It is found that the travel intentions of the exhibitors and audiences are affected mostly by factors such as “participation motive, itinerary arrangement and number of times of exhibition participation”. Overall, 67% of the merchants are willing to travel, and 33% of the merchants are less willing due to factors such as “insufficient time, absence of arrangements from the organizing committee and inconvenient transportation”. Therefore, through cooperation with the exhibition organizers and integration of social resources, the tourism enterprises should provide products that meet the exhibitors’ demand under the guidance of their behavioral law. Providing high-quality tourism experience for exhibitors is not only an effective means of eliciting travel desires and developing tourism market, but also a must for the profound combination of exhibition and tourism.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 123-129 [
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The Measurement of Material Flow of China’s Economic SystemBased on Physical Input-Output Table
PING Wei-ying
The general physical input-output table has been revised in this paper. The revision included adjusting the sector classification and basic assumptions based on the principle of operability and setting up the resource recovery sector to reflect material recycling. According to the existing database of China, the material stock of the economic system of China from 2004 to 2015 is estimated. Then the material consumption coefficient and the material cycling efficiency are systematically analyzed following a measurement of the material flow among internal sectors of the economic system. The results show that the change of material consumption coefficient at sector level is not obvious, but the utility effect of initial material input shows a good trend overall and the efficiency of material recycling increases. The current environmental pressure in China does not ease the trend. It is necessary to further strengthen the regulation of the total material flow and the material circulation structure at the macro level. The efficiency of material utilization should be increased and the recycling and reuse of waste materials should be promoted.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 130-136 [
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137
Informatization, Residents Consumption and the Quality of Economic Growth in China
ZHANG Jia-ping, CHENG Ming-wang, PAN Xuan
From the information-based view, this paper applies the threshold regression model to examine the non-linear influence of consumer consumption on the quality of China’s economic growth. Results show that the residents consumption has a significant double threshold effect on the quality of economic growth. As the threshold value increases, the positive effect of consumer consumption strengthens too. The urban residents consumption has a stronger effect on the quality of economic growth than the rural residents, but at different threshold values, rural residents consumption exhibits significantly bigger differences in its impact than urban residents. This article provides some empirical evidence for the positive effect of informatization in enhancing Chinese residents’ consumption and promoting the quality of economic growth.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 137-143 [
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144
Measurement and Decomposition of Regional Differences in Performance of Fiscal Expenditure on Agriculture
MAO Hui, YU Shuang, ZHANG Sheng-nan
Using provincial panel data of China from 2007 to 2014, this paper studies the regional differences of fiscal expenditure on agriculture from two perspectives of both absolute and relative scales. Then it carries out an empirical analysis of the performance of fiscal expenditure on agriculture in each province by constructing an index system which includes both economic benefits and social efficiency. The results show that on one hand, there are distinct differences in performance among different regions. The characteristic of pure technical efficiency and comprehensive efficiency is descending gradually from the east to west. The scale efficiency is the highest in the middle region, while being the lowest in the western region. The scales of fiscal expenditure on agriculture are near optimization in most provinces, but are inadequate in some western provinces. On the other hand, the low efficiency of pure technology is the main reason for the low performance. Therefore, the focus of improving China’s fiscal expenditure performance should be enhancing management efficiency rather than expanding investment.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 144-152 [
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Fund Balance Mechanism of the Integration Between the Maternity Insurance and Medical Insurance: Under the Policy of Universal Two-Child Family Plan
ZHAN Chang-chun, LI Ya-Wen, LU Zhou-chen
Taking Zhenjiang as the sampled region, this paper collects data of maternity insurance and medical insurance within the recent 5 years through field research. By constructing a fund balance model of these two insurances, this paper then empirically analyzes the fund balance status and contribution rate in the integration of maternity insurance and medical insurance in the sampled city. The results indicate that the Universal Two-Child Family Plan does have a negative impact on fund balance while the increase of the number of insured people shows a positive one. The paper suggests that the contribution rate should not be simply added, but rather, scientifically measured as it will be helpful in avoiding fund surplus or deficit.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 153-159 [
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The Effects of the IPO Policy and Venture Capital Characteristics on the IPO Underpricing Phenomenon of Newly-Established Firms——Based on Data of China’s Growth Enterprise Market from 2009 to 2015
MA Yan-ran, CAI Jian-feng
Nowadays more venture capital institutions participate in newly established firms and exit in the form of IPO. Based on the institutional changes in IPO, this paper adopts as sample data of newly-established firms in Growth Enterprise Market from October 30, 2009 to November 31, 2015. It then examines IPO underpricing in stages in an attempt to reveal the influence of venture investment and its form of involvement on IPO under pricing in newly-established firms. The result shows that the participation of venture capital helps to reduce the start-up underpricing of newly established firms. Joint venture investment is more effective in reducing the level of underpricing in the verification stage while the private background of venture capital is most effective to reduce the IPO underpricing.
2018 Vol. 35 (3): 160-164 [
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