Abstract This paper theoretically explores the influence paths of the rural industrial restructuring on the development of urbanization. The regional and structural effects of the rural industrial restructuring on the development of urbanization are analyzed through empirical tests. The results show that the transfer of rural surplus labor force, scale effect and externality effect are the main theoretical approaches,through which the rural industrial restructuring influences the development of urbanization. The influence of the ratios of primary industry and secondary industry on urbanization shows a U-type path, while the effect of the proportion of the tertiary industry in rural areas presents a reverse U-type path, which shows significant regional differences and structural differences. The impact of rural industrial structure deviation on urbanization presents a U-type path, in which the influence in the central and western regions is negative, and that in the eastern region is positive.