Climate change has become the global focus. As one of the important industries, low-carbon agriculture has become an effective method to tackle climate change. Based on the carbon effect’s analysis framework and measurement method of typical farmers’ production projects, the study aimed to introduce an analysis framework and a measurement method to compute the carbon effect. Results show that, the analysis framework and measurement method are feasible. Both carbon emissions and carbon sinks exist in the household production projects, and the differences between the two effects are enormous. Farmers’ unreasonable behavior (such as straw burning) has a negative impact on the farmers’ low carbon production.