Abstract Based on the balanced panel data of 51 countries from 1993 to 2019, this paper uses the models of double fixed effect, intermediary effect and threshold effect to analyze the influence and internal mechanism of industrial intelligence on global carbon emission reduction. Research has found that industrial intelligence can significantly drive global carbon reduction, and this conclusion remains valid after a series of rigorous tests. The mediation effect regression results indicate that industrial intelligence can promote global carbon reduction through channels such as upgrading the manufacturing industry and upgrading the industrial structure. The regression results of the threshold effect indicate that global carbon reduction is not only dynamically influenced by the development level of industrial intelligence itself but also regulated by the industrial agglomeration. Further research has found that industrial intelligence can significantly reduce the per capita carbon footprint of wealthy countries and populations, helping to alleviate global carbon emission inequality. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the widespread application of artificial intelligence technology in the industrial sector, track the actual environmental impact of carbon footprint assessment policies, and promote international cooperation in the fields of industrial intelligence and carbon reduction.