工业机器人应用可以重塑企业生存优势吗?—

摘要工业机器人在企业应用越来越广泛,其能否重塑企业生存优势值得探讨。基于IFR机器人数据和中国工业企业数据,检验了工业机器人应用影响企业生存的效应与机制。结果发现:工业机器人应用可以重塑企业生存优势,机器人渗透度每增加1%,企业生存概率会上升35.60%;进一步的异质性检验显示,工业机器人应用的生存促进效应在非出口企业、民营企业效果更显著,政府补贴并未增强工业机器人应用的生存促进效应。同时,工业机器人应用的生存促进效应在不同工业部门及制造业细分行业存在明显不同,该促进效应在劳动密集型行业中更为显著。此外,工业机器人应用对东部区域、高科技创新区域企业生存的促进效应更强;从作用机制来看,生产要素配置优化、生产效率提升和产出规模扩大均是工业机器人应用重塑企业生存优势的重要渠道。在数字经济时代,上述发现为下一阶段工业机器人政策的制定和落实提供了有益参考。

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关键词：工业机器人生存优势生存分析

Abstract： Industrial robots are more and more widely used in enterprises. It is worth discussing whether it can reshape the survival advantages of enterprises. Based on IFR robot data and Chinese micro-firm data, this paper tests the impact and mechanism of industrial robot application. The results show that the application of industrial robots can reshape the survival advantages of enterprises. On average, every 1% increase in robot penetration increases the probability of enterprise survival by 35.60%. Further heterogeneity test indicates that the survival promotion effect of industrial robot is more significant in non-export enterprises and private enterprises, while government subsidies do not enhance this effect. At the same time, the survival promotion effect of industrial robot is significantly different in various industrial sectors and manufacturing sub-sectors, and this effect is more significant in labor-intensive industries. In addition, the application of industrial robots has a stronger effect on firm survival in the eastern region and high-innovation regions. In terms of mechanism, optimization of factor allocation, improvement of production efficiency and expansion of output scale are all important channels. In the era of digital economy, the findings provide a useful reference for the formulation and implementation of industrial robot policies in the next stage.

Keywords： Industrial Robots Survival Advantages Survival Analysis

收稿日期 2022-05-13; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC790183);广东省普通高校青年创新人才类项目(2018WQNCX031);国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD123)

通讯作者 杨永聪(1987— ),广东茂名人,博士,副教授,主要从事产业与贸易发展研究

作者简介: 张慧(1990— ),女,河南商丘人,博士,讲师,主要从事产业经济研究;彭璧玉(1966— ),湖南双峰人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事产业组织与管理研究。

引用本文:

张慧, 杨永聪, 彭璧玉.工业机器人应用可以重塑企业生存优势吗?——来自中国工业企业的证据[J]. 经济经纬, 2023,5: 113-124

ZHANG Hui, YANG Yongcong, PENG Biyu.Whether the Application of Industrial Roberts Can Reshape the Survival Advantages of Enterprises:Data from Chinese Industrial Enterprises[J] Economic Survey, 2023,V40(5): 113-124

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V40/I5/113

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