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    经济经纬 2021 Issue (1) :86-95
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    老龄化与中国服务业就业结构
魏嘉辉, 顾乃华
暨南大学 产业经济研究院,广东 广州 510632
    Aging and Employment Structure of China’s Service Industry
    WEI Jiahui, GU Naihua
School of Industrial Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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摘要 中国老龄化程度不断加剧,对服务业就业结构的演化发挥着重要的作用。通过一个两期交叠世代模型构建一般均衡框架,在充分就业和商品市场均衡的假设下,发现老龄化将通过需求效应、生产率效应和倒逼企业转变生产方式影响服务业的就业结构。基于上述结论,以中国2005—2017年省际面板数据为基础,通过采用不同服务业分类的方法,发现以上三种效应均显著存在,但由于中国人口流动特点、地区成本差异和技术分布不均,表现出较强的地区和行业异质性。总体看来,老龄化虽然由于劳动力供给减少而给经济带来不利影响,但也推动了中国服务业的结构性升级。
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魏嘉辉
顾乃华
关键词服务业就业结构   人口老龄化   需求效应   生产率效应   倒逼效应     
Abstract: The degree of aging in China is increasing and it plays an important role in the evolution of employment structure of service industry. In this paper, a general equilibrium framework is constructed on the basis of a Two-stage Overlapping Generation Model. Under the assumption of full employment and commodity market equilibrium, it is found that aging will affect the employment structure of service industry through demand effect, productivity effect and forcing enterprises to change their mode of production. Based on the above conclusion and the inter-provincial panel data of China from 2005 to 2017, this paper finds that the above three effects are significant by using method of different service industry classifications. However, due to the characteristics of population flow, regional cost differences and uneven technology distribution in China, the aging shows strong regional and industrial heterogeneity.In Generally, although aging has a negative impact on economy due to the decrease of labor supply, it has also promoted the structural upgrading of China’s service industry.
KeywordsEmployment Structure of Service Industry   Population Aging   Demand Effect   Productivity Effect   Forcing Effect     
收稿日期 2018-02-01; 接受日期 ;
基金资助:国家社会科学基金项目(19BJY089)
作者简介: 魏嘉辉(1991— ),男,广东广州人,博士研究生,主要从事产业经济研究;顾乃华(1977— ),男,江苏响水人,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事产业经济研究。
引用本文:   
魏嘉辉, 顾乃华.老龄化与中国服务业就业结构[J].  经济经纬, 2021,1: 86-95
WEI Jiahui, GU Naihua.Aging and Employment Structure of China’s Service Industry[J]  Economic Survey, 2021,V38(1): 86-95
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http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/     或     http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V38/I1/86
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