政府补贴的创新效应——兼论不同类型创新的最适补贴区间

摘要采用面板门限模型,选取2007—2018年中国A股上市公司为样本,实证分析了政府补贴的创新效应。实证研究发现:(1)政府补贴的创新效应随着补贴强度的不同而存在一定的异质性,存在最大化创新激励的补贴区间;(2)相对于实用新型和外观设计创新而言,发明专利往往需要更高的补贴门槛,适度区间的政府补贴对发明这类实质性创新具有更明显的促进作用;(3)政府补贴对技术密集型企业的实质性创新激励效应在不同补贴强度下存在差异,补贴强度位于区间[0.020,0.086]内时,政府补贴的创新激励效果最好。上述研究结论具有明显的政策启示,根据企业的创新类型实施差异化的补贴政策,动态地将补贴强度调整到不同创新类型的适度区间,从而有效发挥政府补贴的多维创新激励效应。

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	郑玉

关键词：政府补贴多维创新激励面板门限适度区间

Abstract： This paper uses panel threshold model to evaluate the innovation effect of government subsidy, and finds that: ① The innovation effect of government subsidy has certain heterogeneity with the different intensity of subsidy, and there is a subsidy interval to maximize innovation incentives. Through the intermediary effect model, it is found that“rent-seeking cost” may be an important channel for high subsidy to inhibit technological innovation of enterprises; ② Compared with utility model and design innovation, substantive innovation such as invention often needs higher subsidy threshold, and “moderate interval” of government subsidy also has played a more significant role in promoting substantive innovation such as invention; ③ We further investigate the difference of innovation incentive effect of government subsidy on technology intensive enterprises under different subsidy intensity. It is found that when the subsidy intensity is in the range of [0.020,0.086], the innovation incentive effect of government subsidy is the best. The above conclusions have obvious policy implications. According to the innovation types of enterprises, we implement differentiated subsidy policies, and dynamically adjust the subsidy intensity to the “appropriate range” of different innovation types, so as to effectively play the multi-dimensional innovation incentive effect of government subsidy.

Keywords： Government Subsidy Multi-dimensional Innovation Incentive Panel Threshold Moderate Interval

收稿日期 2019-11-14; 接受日期 ;

基金资助:国家社会科学基金项目(18BJL019);河南省软科学项目(192400410140);教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目(2019-ZZJH-345)

作者简介: 郑玉(1985— ),女,河南信阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事宏观经济政策与微观企业创新行为研究。

引用本文:

郑玉.政府补贴的创新效应——兼论不同类型创新的最适补贴区间[J]. 经济经纬, 2020,4: 142-149

ZHENG Yu.The Innovation Effect of Government Subsidy——A Discussion on the Optimal Subsidy Interval of Different Types of Innovation[J] Economic Survey, 2020,V37(4): 142-149

链接本文:

http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.jjjw.org.cn/CN/Y2020/V37/I4/142

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