Abstract The misallocation behavior of local governments on urban construction land may affect regional haze pollution. Based on the data of 216 cities in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper empirically examines the direct effect, indirect effect and threshold effect of mismatched haze pollution of regional land resources under spatial correlation by constructing panel spatial econometric model and dynamic panel threshold model. The study finds that the low quality of attracting investment and the increase of traffic caused by the misallocation of land resources of the local government will directly aggravate the local haze pollution, while the haze pollution caused by the misallocation of land resources of the neighboring government will significantly aggravate the local haze pollution through space spillover. And the misallocation of land resources of the local government will also indirectly aggravate the local haze pollution by restraining technological innovation, but the impact of the land resource misallocation of neighboring governments on local haze pollution through technological innovation channels is not significant. In addition, land resource misallocation also has an obvious technological innovation threshold effect on haze pollution. When regional technological innovation exceeds a certain level, the impact of land resource misallocation on haze pollution will be effectively mitigated. The results of the study provide useful implications for local governments to solve the dilemma of “Seeking Development with Land” and haze governance.